| Fired Heaters for General |
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| 标准编号：API 560-2001 |
| 标准名称：Fired Heaters for General |
| 标准定价：￥250.0元 |
 
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简介：
1.1.1
This STANDARD covers the minimum requirements for
the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, preparation
for shipment, and erection of fired heaters, air preheaters,
fans and burners for general refinery service.
1.1.2
A fired heater is an exchanger that transfers heat from
the combustion of fuel to fluids contained in tubular coils
within an internally insulated enclosure.
Note: A bullet (
•
) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that a
decision by the purchaser is required. These decisions should be
indicated on the data sheets (see Appendix A) or stated in the inquiry
or purchase order. Decisions should be indicated on the checklist
(see Appendix B). |
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| 发布日期： |
2001-01-01 |
| 实施日期： |
2001-01-01
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| 页数： |
3 |
| 目录： |
1 GENERAL. .
1.1 Scope. . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Alternative Designs. . . . . . . .
1.3 Conflicting Requirements. . . . . . . . . . .
1.4 Definition of Terms. . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5 Nomenclature . . . . . . . .
1.6 Normative Codes and STANDARDs. . . . . . . . . .
1.7 Informative Codes and STANDARDs. . . . . . . . . . .
1.8 Proposals . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 9
1.9 Documentation . . . . .
2 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS . . . . .
2.1 Process. . . . . .
2.2 Combustion . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Mechanical . . . . . . . . . .
3 TUBES. . . .
3.1 General . . .
3.2 Extended Surface . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Materials . . . . . .
4 HEADERS. . . . . . . . .
4.1 General . . . . . .
4.2 Plug Headers . . . . . . .
4.3 Return Bends. . . . .
4.4 Materials . . . . . . .
5 PIPING, TERMINALS, AND MANIFOLDS . . . . . . .
5.1 General . . . . .
5.2 Allowable Movement and Loads . . . . . .
5.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 TUBE SUPPORTS . . .
6.1 General . . . . . . . . . .
16
6.2 Loads and Allowable Stress . . . . .
6.3 Materials . . . . . .
7 REFRACTORIES AND INSULATION . . . . .
7.1 General . . . . . . . . .
7.2 Brick and Tile Construction . . .
7.3 Castable Construction. . . . . . .
7.4 Ceramic Fiber Construction . . . . .
7.5 Multicomponent Lining Construction . . . .
7.6 Materials . . . . . .
8 STRUCTURES AND APPURTENANCES . . . . .
8.1 General . . . . . .
8.2 Structures . . . . .
8.3 Header Boxes, Doors, and Ports. . .
8.4 Ladders, Platforms, and Stairways . . .
8.5 Materials . . .
9 STACKS, DUCTS, AND BREECHING . . . .
9.1 General . . . .
9.2 Design Considerations . . . . .
9.3 Allowable Stresses .
9.4 Static Design . . . . . . .
9.5 Wind-Induced Vibration Design. . . . . . .
9.6 Materials . . . . . . . .
9.7 Alternate Design Methods . . . . . . . .
10 BURNERS, SOOTBLOWERS, AND DAMPER CONTROLS. . . . . . . .
10.1 Burners . . . . . .
10.2 Sootblowers. . . . .
10.3 Damper Controls. . . . . . . .
11 CENTRIFUGAL FANS AND DRIVERS FOR FIRED HEATER SYSTEMS . . . . . 30
11.1 General . . . . . .
11.2 Definition of Terms. . . . . . . . . .
11.3 Fan Design Considerations. . . .
11.4 Fan Housings . . . . . . .
11.5 Fan Housing Connections. . . . .
11.6 External Forces and Moments . . . . . . . . .
11.7 Rotating Elements. . . . . . . . .
11.8 Shaft Sealing of Fans . . . . . . . . .
11.9 Critical Speeds/Resonance . . . .
11.10 Vibration and Balancing . . . . . . . .
11.11 Bearings and Bearing Housings . . . . . . . .
11.12 Lubrication . . . . .
11.13 Materials . . . . . . . .
11.14 Welding . . . . . . .
11.15 Nameplates and Rotation Arrows. . . . . . .
11.16 Drivers and Accessories . . . 11.17 Couplings and Guards. . . . . . . . .
11.18 Controls and Instrumentation . . . .
11.19 Dampers or Variable Inlet Vanes. . . . . . .
11.20 Piping and Appurtenances . .
11.21 Coatings, Insulation, and Jacketing . . . . .
11.22 Inspection and Testing . . . . . . . . . . .
11.23 Preparation for Shipment . . . . . . . .
11.24 Vendor Data . . . . . . . . . . . .
12 INSTRUMENT AND AUXILIARY CONNECTIONS . . . . . . .
12.1 Flue Gas and Air . . . . . . . . . . .
12.2 Process Fluid Temperature . . . . .
12.3 Auxiliary Connections . . . . .
12.4 Tube-Skin Thermocouples . . . . . .
13 SHOP FABRICATION AND FIELD ERECTION . . . . . . . . . .
13.1 General . . . . . . . . . .
13.2 Steel Fabrication . . . . . . . .
13.3 Coil Fabrication . . . . . . . . .
13.4 Painting and Galvanizing . . . . . . . . .
13.5 Refractories and Insulation . . . . . . . . .
13.6 Preparation For Shipment. . . . . . . . . .
13.7 Field Erection . . . . . . . . . . . .
14 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.1 General . . . . . . . . . . .
14.2 Weld Inspection and Examination . . . . . . . . .
14.3 Castings Examination . . . . . .
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0898-3137 2222 |
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0898-3159 5808 |
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Csres@hotmail.com |
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